SIBO

Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO)

Could SIBO or Thyroid Issues Be the Root Causes of Your Constipation?

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Do you often feel bloated, uncomfortable, and struggling with constipation? You're not alone. Millions worldwide grapple with these issues daily, often without realizing the root causes.

Constipation is a common health issue, and many people labeled with IBS (Irritable Bowel Syndrome) are told to accept this symptom as their fate. Still, constipation can be a sign of dysfunction or imbalance, and it can be disruptive and uncomfortable, affecting your overall health.

That's why I've created this essential blog post—to help you uncover the common hidden causes of constipation and take the first step towards reclaiming your health. From Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO) to thyroid issues, explore how these health conditions might be the unexpected culprits behind your discomfort.

Let's discover how to manage these conditions to relieve constipation symptoms effectively. By understanding the root causes, you can make targeted diet and lifestyle changes that provide lasting relief.

3 common causes of constipation, SIBO, hypothyroidism

What does constipation mean?

Constipation is a digestive condition characterized by infrequent bowel movements, meaning that you have three or fewer bowel movements per WEEK.

But even if you go to the toilet daily, you can still be constipated. If you strain on the toilet, have difficulty passing stools, or your stool comes out in pellets (and not smoothly and in a long shape) and is hard and lumpy, there is a high chance of being constipated.

Need help identifying your stool type? Check out the Bristol Stool Chart for more information. Types 1 - 2 indicate constipation, while type 3 is considered as tending towards constipation.

But constipation may also be accompanied by other symptoms such as abdominal discomfort, bloating, gassiness, or a feeling of incomplete evacuation. Some people may also experience reflux symptoms, as gas and bloating push up acid to the esophagus. (1)

Constipation is a common digestive problem affecting around 16% of the general population, and women are more likely to suffer from constipation than men. (2)

Constipation may be acute or chronic, lasting many months or even years.

Why should you care about constipation?

Because your bowels are designed to eliminate toxins and waste.

When you have slow transit in the intestines, toxins, and waste get stuck in your body too long, reabsorbed into the bloodstream, and waste putrefies in the colon, feeding pathogenic bacteria and fuelling inflammation. This process can put extra pressure on the liver to work hard on elimination. Consequently, you may experience additional symptoms like hormonal imbalances, skin problems (like acne), brain fog, and headaches.

3 Possible Causes of Constipation (3)

1. Poor lifestyle choices (4)

  • Dehydration: Inadequate fluid intake is one of the most common causes of constipation. When dehydrated, your body draws water from stools to maintain hydration, making them harder and more difficult to pass. Excess caffeine or alcohol intake can also lead to dehydration.
  • Lack or excess dietary fiber intake: A diet low in fiber can contribute to constipation. Fiber adds bulk to your stool, helping it move more efficiently through your digestive tract. But in some cases, eating too much raw foods, veggies, and fiber can contribute to slow digestion, especially in people with SIBO.
  • Sedentary Lifestyle: Physical inactivity can slow your digestive system, leading to constipation. Regular exercise can stimulate intestinal muscles, aiding digestion.
  • Ignoring the urge to defecate.

2. Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO):

SIBO is a condition where an excessive amount or abnormal type of bacteria are present in the small intestine, where their numbers should be relatively low compared to the large intestine. (The large intestine house the highest number of bacteria). These bacteria in the wrong place can interfere with normal digestion and absorption of food by fermenting carbohydrates and fibers and creating byproducts, like gases, leading to symptoms like:

  • changed bowel movements: constipation and/or diarrhea,
  • constant bloating, gassiness,
  • abdominal pain,
  • nausea,
  • fatigue, brain fog,
  • skin issues (acne, Rosacea),
  • joint and muscle pain, etc. (5)

 

 

One of the primary reasons revolves around the role of the Migrating Motor Complex (MMC). The MMC is a pattern of electrical activity that occurs in the smooth muscle of the gastrointestinal tract during the periods between meals. It's often referred to as the "housekeeper" of our gut because its function is to sweep residual undigested material through the digestive tract. The MMC operates in a cyclical manner, approximately every 90-120 minutes during fasting periods. (This is one of the reasons why constant snacking is a bad idea with SIBO!)

When the MMC is functioning correctly, it helps control the bacterial population in the small intestine by regularly clearing it out, pushing bacteria into the large intestine, and preventing any significant accumulation. However, certain conditions like stress, medications (especially opioids), certain diseases (like Scleroderma), or other underlying causes (>>check out the SIBO Root cause Masterclass for more information) can disrupt the MMC's functioning, leading to a slowdown or stoppage of this cleaning wave. This disruption can allow bacteria to multiply excessively in the small intestine, leading to SIBO. (6)

Once SIBO has been established, the overgrown bacteria can interfere with normal digestion and nutrient absorption. Moreover, they can produce large amounts of gas (methane, hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide) as they ferment the food that you eat.

Particularly, methane-producing archaea have been linked to constipation, defining it as Intestinal Methane Overgrowth (IMO) since they are technically not bacteria. They have been identified as Methanobrevibacter smithii in the gut and stool tests.

Methane gas can slow down the transit time, leading to constipation. It's a bit of a vicious cycle - the slower transit time allows more time for bacteria to ferment carbohydrates, leading to more methane production and further slowing down gut motility. (7)

3. Thyroid dysfunction

The thyroid gland, a small butterfly-shaped organ located in your neck, plays a pivotal role in your body's metabolic functions. It produces vital hormones – triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) – that regulate metabolism, influencing how your body uses energy and processes food. When the thyroid is underactive, a condition known as hypothyroidism, it can significantly affect your digestive health, particularly leading to constipation.

In individuals with hypothyroidism, the production of thyroid hormones is insufficient, resulting in a slowdown of metabolic processes, including gut motility - the speed at which food moves through the digestive tract. With reduced gut motility, the digestive tract takes longer to process and move stools, often resulting in constipation. (8)

Hypothyroidism and SIBO

The connection between hypothyroidism and SIBO comes back to the gut motility issue. The slowed gut motility in hypothyroid individuals can disrupt the functioning of the Migrating Motor Complex (MMC), the mechanism that sweeps residual undigested material and bacteria through the digestive tract.

As discussed in the previous section, proper MMC function is crucial to preventing bacterial overgrowth in the small intestine. When MMC function is compromised, as in hypothyroidism, it can result in an accumulation of bacteria in the small intestine, leading to SIBO. (9)

Thyroid, Liver Function, and Constipation

The thyroid also has a crucial connection with liver function. The liver is the primary site where T4 is converted into its active form, T3. In cases of hypothyroidism, this conversion process can be compromised, exacerbating the symptoms of low thyroid function. Furthermore, the liver plays a vital role in digestion by producing bile, which helps break down fats. If liver function is affected due to impaired thyroid activity, it can lead to constipation. (10)

Low Stomach Acid and Hypothyroidism

Another digestive issue linked to hypothyroidism is low stomach acid or hypochlorhydria. Studies estimate that around 30% of people with hypothyroidism have low stomach acid. (11) Adequate stomach acid is necessary for breaking down food, absorbing nutrients, and preventing harmful bacteria from entering the gut. (12) Individuals with hypothyroidism often produce less stomach acid, slowing digestion and contributing to constipation. (13)

Other contributing factors

The list is not complete, as there can be many different reasons (4) for being constipated. Here are some other examples:

  • Food allergy/intolerance
  • Stress, anxiety, depression
  • Dysbiosis (imbalance between the beneficial and pathogenic gut bugs in the gut), including bacterial, parasitic, and fungal overgrowth
  • Sluggish liver function
  • Heavy metal toxicity
  • Lack of stomach acid
  • Nutrient deficiencies
  • Metabolic disorders (Diabetes)
  • Structural problems
  • Side effects of medications (anti-histamines, opioids, NSAIDs, antacids, PPI's, antidepressants, etc.), overuse of laxatives
  • Neurological disorders (Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, Multiple Sclerosis, etc.)
  • History of eating disorders (Anorexia Nervosa or Bulimia)
relieve constipation naturally

How to Relieve Constipation Naturally

Understanding the potential causes of constipation can provide effective strategies for overcoming this common digestive issue.

The first step for many people leads through conventional medicine. Doctors may suggest colonoscopy or other testing options based on the symptoms and health history, but unfortunately, I commonly see that many patients end up with laxatives in their hands.

Laxatives have many forms, but they will just treat the symptom, serving as a band-aid approach rather than a long-term solution. Not to mention that laxatives may also come with side effects if used long-term. (14)

Taking a holistic approach could be a better strategy for long-term resolution. Functional Medicine and Nutrition focus on the root causes and treating the body as a whole. Specific functional testing options like gut microbiome testing, SIBO breath test, mineral testing, complete thyroid panel, hormonal testing, etc., can provide a clearer picture of the imbalances happening on a deeper level.

As we've discussed, poor lifestyle choices, Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO), and thyroid dysfunction, particularly hypothyroidism, can all contribute to constipation.

Here are some natural strategies to help manage constipation, taking into account these three primary causes:

Improve Lifestyle Choices

Dietary guidelines (15):

  • Increase Fiber Intake: Fiber adds bulk to your stools, making them easier to pass. Include fiber-rich foods such as whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and legumes in your diet. Psyllium, oat, and chia bran can also be a great addition (careful if you have SIBO!). Fiber intake should be increased gradually to at least 30 g/day for men and 25 g/day for women.
  • Decrease sugar, alcohol, and processed foods that have a negative impact on the gut microbiome
  • Bitter foods like radicchio, dandelion greens, arugula, artichokes, and endive can help stimulate digestion
  • Ginger is excellent for stimulating gastric emptying and gut motility
  • Stay hydrated: Adequate hydration can prevent stools from becoming hard and difficult to pass. Aim to drink at least 8 cups of water daily, especially if consuming more fiber. Despite drinking enough water, our cells can still be dehydrated and miss essential minerals like magnesium, potassium, sodium, etc. Adding a pinch of Celtic sea or Himalayan salt can be a great way to replenish minerals for the body.

Other lifestyle changes:

  • Regular Exercise: Physical activity stimulates your digestive system and can help maintain regular bowel movements. Even light activities like walking, yoga, or Qigong can be beneficial. (16)
  • Manage Stress: Chronic stress can exacerbate digestive and thyroid symptoms. Stress management techniques such as meditation, yoga, and deep breathing can be helpful.

Address SIBO to relieve constipation

If you suspect you have SIBO, getting a diagnosis from a healthcare provider is essential. They can order a SIBO Breath test to determine the types of SIBO and the amount of overgrowth you may have.

Addressing SIBO and restoring the normal functioning of the MMC is crucial in resolving constipation linked to this condition.

Dietary modifications, like temporarily limiting fermentable foods: certain carbohydrates, known as FODMAPs, can exacerbate SIBO symptoms. A low-FODMAP diet might be recommended for SIBO-related constipation and bloating. While the low-FODMAP diet can help MANAGE THE SYMPTOMS in the short term, it will not solve the underlying reasons that are possibly causing your SIBO! (17)

Mindful Eating is crucial for overall digestion: eating slowly and chewing your food thoroughly can improve digestion and absorption, reducing the workload on your small intestine. (There is a reason why you have teeth and saliva in your mouth.)

Since MMC is often dysfunctional, prokinetic agents (medications that help increase the motor activity of the gastrointestinal tract) and targeted antibiotic or antimicrobial therapy are common strategies used in treating SIBO. (18)

One particular probiotic strain: Lactobacillus reuteri (DSM 17938), has been shown to decrease methane production and chronic constipation significantly. (19)

Manage Thyroid Dysfunction

Proper testing for thyroid dysfunctions: If you suspect you may have thyroid dysfunction, asking for a FULL thyroid panel is essential. The full panel should include TSH, free T4, free T3, Thyroid Peroxidase Antibodies (TPO Ab), and reverse T3.

Conventional medicine typically considers the TSH level normal between the range of 0.5 - 4.5 mIU/L. However, in functional medicine, a narrower range is preferred for optimal TSH function:  1.0 - 2.5 mlU/L.

Follow a nutrient-rich diet: Certain nutrients, including iodine, selenium, magnesium, and zinc, are essential for thyroid health.

Here are some examples of foods rich in these essential minerals (20):

  • Iodine:
    • Sea vegetables like kelp, nori, and kombu
    • Fish and seafood, especially cod and shrimp
    • Dairy products like milk, cheese, and yogurt
  • Selenium:
    • Brazil nuts (they are exceptionally high in selenium)
    • Seafood, poultry, and eggs
    • Whole grains, like brown rice and oats
  • Magnesium:
    • Green leafy vegetables, whole grains (quinoa and brown rice)
    • Nuts and seeds, like almonds and flaxseeds
    • Legumes, including black beans and lentils
    • Dark chocolate
  • Zinc:
    • Meat, particularly beef, and lamb
    • Shellfish, especially oysters, are a top source of zinc
    • Legumes like chickpeas, lentils, and beans
    • Seeds, such as pumpkin seeds and sesame seeds, and nuts, including cashews and almonds

The bottom line

In conclusion, while constipation can be a disruptive and uncomfortable issue, understanding its causes can guide effective strategies to manage and overcome it. Improving lifestyle choices, addressing underlying conditions like SIBO or thyroid dysfunction, and maintaining a healthy diet can significantly improve digestive health. Your journey to improved gut health and relief from constipation starts with understanding and addressing these key factors.

 

This post is only for informational purposes and is not meant to diagnose, treat or cure any disease. I recommend consulting with your healthcare practitioner always before trying any treatment or dietary changes.

Could SIBO or Thyroid Issues Be the Root Causes of Your Constipation? Read More »

Mold Toxicity and SIBO – the invisible threat to your gut health

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Suppose you have been struggling with mysterious symptoms like unexplained chronic fatigue, brain fog, and digestive or sinus issues that don't seem to go away even after doing some gut-healing protocols. Maybe you have tried every single SIBO protocol without success. In this case, there might be a not-so-obvious reason for having those chronic symptoms, and the culprit might be toxic mold exposure, as was in my case.

Mold is not fun. It can (literally) eat you up and make your life miserable. I felt pretty well after healing my gut from SIBO, but I still couldn't shake off the deliberating fatigue and brain fog I had on most days. During that time, we also encountered water damage in our apartment – water dripped from the ceiling because a pipeline was broken behind the wall. At first, I didn't realize how serious this could be, but later a light bulb turned on in my mind, what if there is mold?

mold toxicity and gut issues

Mold Toxicity: The Invisible Intruder

What the heck is mold?

Mold (or mould) is a natural part of the environment, a type of fungi that can grow on many indoor and outdoor surfaces, requiring oxygen and moisture to start growing. Mold releases tiny spores in the air to spread. There are many different species of mold, and many of them are not even identified.

Unfortunately, mold is a widespread problem nowadays in buildings. We need to talk about it since we spend too much time indoors, and health risks are associated with mold that grows indoors that may have been exposed to water damage. But it can also happen if there is no proper ventilation installed in the building and the air humidity gets too high.

Foods like nuts, dried fruits, apples, coffee, and cereals, can also be contaminated with mold (more about them later) that we may ingest.

What about mycotoxins?

These toxins are present in mold fragments and spores released into the air. They can enter our body through inhalation, the skin, or even by ingesting mold-contaminated foods, creating havoc on the body.

Mycotoxins can have a negative impact on many bodily functions. Many people may have heard that it can lead to respiratory issues (asthma, sneezing, runny nose, breathing issues), but mold toxins may affect more than just that. It can impact the gastrointestinal tract, nervous system, immune function, and many other organs. Mold toxins can lead to the condition called: Chronic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (CIRS).

The most common mycotoxins are:

  • Trichothecenes
  • Fumonisins
  • Ochratoxins
  • Aflatoxins

What are the typical signs of mold toxicity?

  • Fatigue and weakness
  • Headaches, light sensitivity
  • Insomnia
  • Poor memory, difficult word-finding
  • Difficulty concentration, brain fog
  • Morning stiffness, joint pain
  • Unusual skin sensations, tingling, and numbness
  • Shortness of breath, sinus congestion, or a chronic cough
  • Appetite swings, body temperature regulation,
  • Increased urinary frequency or increased thirst
  • Red eyes, blurred vision, sweats, mood swings, sharp pains
  • Abdominal pain, diarrhea, bloating, food sensitivities
  • Tearing, disorientation, metallic taste in your mouth
  • Static shocks
  • Vertigo, feeling lightheaded

There is also a phenomenon that even though a family of 4 live in a water-damaged building, it can happen that only one member of the family will show the symptoms. Why? First of all, each of us is built differently, and some people can clear out toxins better than others, but there is another explanation. Around 25% of the population has the DLA-DR gene meaning that these people are more susceptible to mold toxins than those without that gene. These people have difficulty clearing mold toxins even after getting out of the exposure.

Why should you care about mold toxicity if you have SIBO or gut issues?

What is SIBO?

Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO) is a condition in which an excessive number of bacteria accumulate in the small intestine. SIBO can cause a wide range of gastrointestinal symptoms, such as bloating, gas, abdominal pain, constipation, and/or diarrhea. The overgrowth of bacteria can also interfere with nutrient absorption, leading to deficiencies and further health complications. Read about the SIBO types here.

 

 

Mold Toxicity and SIBO Connection

Mold toxins can disrupt the function of the Migrating Motor Complex (MMC) by interfering with the chemical signaling that would activate the MMC.

MMC is responsible for sweeping the remaining bacteria and food particles from your small intestine toward the colon between meals. A well-functioning MMC is crucial in preventing SIBO (Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth).

They can also damage the intestinal wall (causing a Leaky gut and intolerances), hindering nutrient absorption.

Also, mold toxins can suppress the immune system and cause systematic inflammation by altering the gut microbiome (disrupting the balance between beneficial and pathogenic gut bacteria). The consequence is that Candida or other pathogens (bacterial, viral, parasitic infections) can start growing out of control.

To recover from SIBO, you also need a well-functioning immune system that may be depleted due to fighting mold and other bacterial toxins all the time.

How to know if you are affected by mold toxicity?

Test your home/workspaces  

If you live in the US, you can hire local inspectors to assess your home, workplace, and car. ERMI mold test completed by a trusted inspector is one of the best.

Where can mold hide?

Mold can hide in many places in your home, but it mostly loves warm, dark, and moist environments. But other areas like your workspace and car can also house mold.

  • Basements, attic area
  • Carpets, rugs
  • Behind furniture
  • Window sills
  • Air conditioning, Air ducts
  • Seals, coils, and drip pans on electronic devices like front-load washing machines, tumblers, refrigerators, dishwashers
  • Books, paper, documents
  • Beneath the wallpaper
  • Kitchen, and bathroom area, sills, sink, plumbing, etc.
  • Water filtration systems
  • Boilers and Water Heaters
  • Plants
mold hide in your home gut issues

Test your body

Testing is essential, but it's not perfect. You can use various testing methods to see what is going on.

  • Urine Mycotoxin Testing (from Great Plains Laboratory) - measures the levels of mold metabolites in a urine sample; it tests for 11 different mycotoxins
  • Organic Acid Test checks for 76 markers providing information about abnormalities in the person's chemical pathways. It can also detect if mold, bacterial or fungal overgrowth can be an issue
  • Visual Contrast Sensitivity Testing (VCS) - measures some neurological functions. It checks your ability to see details at low contrast levels
  • Blood test - measures antibodies for mycotoxins

If you also have gut-related symptoms, stool testing is advisable to see if other infections or pathogens are lurking in your gut.

First steps to deal with mold toxicity

Control your environment

The first step is to get out of the mold exposure. It is tough to heal your body if constantly exposed to mold.

You cannot heal in the same environment that made you sick.

You either need to invest in getting complete remediation, or you need to move to another place.

Moving can be one of the most complex decisions. We also decided to move to a new apartment after living in our previous flat for more than 8 years, and we loved living there, so this was not an easy decision. But health comes first, always!

You can also improve the indoor air quality by using an air purifier or dehumidifier to keep humidity low and filter the air for mold particles + using a ventilation fan in the bathroom.

Open your detoxification pathways

Incorporating lifestyle changes that support your body's detoxification is crucial for eliminating toxins like mold.

  1. Daily pooping – is super important to get rid of waste and toxins daily. (avoid constipation at all costs!)
  2. Hydration – Drinking 8-10 glasses of water (or herbal teas, broths, and veggie juices) can help improve bowel movements and detoxification.
  3. Sweating – Improving detox pathways, in this case, the skin to release toxins can be helpful. Exercise or a sauna are great ways.
  4. Soaking in Epsom salt baths – can help remove toxins and reduce inflammation. Add a few cups of Epsom salt to your bath or a few tablespoons of Epsom salt to a foot bath.
  5. Liposomal glutathione – is an antioxidant compound synthesized in the liver detoxification cycles, and it helps eliminate toxins from the body. Exposure to mycotoxins can deplete glutathione levels, leading to mitochondrial damage.

Use binders

Binders aid in absorbing metals, toxins, and compounds throughout any detox process, minimizing detox symptoms. Without binders, you can't complete any detox regimen!

Choosing a suitable binder is vital depending on the type of mold toxicity you have.

Zeolite is a powerful binder. Zeolite is a silica-based volcanic ash (sand-like mineral) that forms over time when ash and lava from volcanoes chemically react with seawater. Zeolite binds to radioactive poisons, mildew/mold, chemicals, heavy metal toxins like mercury, VOCs (volatile organic compounds—what carpets and furniture emit—and free radicals). All of the positively charged (+) toxins bind to the naturally negative (-) charge that zeolite bears.

But other potent binding agents such as Cholestyramine, activated charcoal, and bentonite clay can reduce the mycotoxin levels in the gut.

Be aware of taking binders 1 or 2 hours away from medications, supplements, and foods; some may cause constipation!

high mold foods, low mold diet

Get on a low-mold diet

Mold can grow on plant foods because of climate (hot, humid environment), improper food storage, transportation, etc. Since you can also be exposed to mold through food, avoiding or reducing mold-containing foods can be essential for a while.

The low-mold diet can mean eliminating or reducing:

  • sugar, alcohol, and processed foods,
  • cheese,
  • dried fruits (apricot, figs, dates, etc.),
  • store-bought fruit juices,
  • mushrooms,
  • sauces, spices,
  • grain-fed animal products, including cured and smoked meats,
  • most (gluten-containing) grains, especially wheat, barley, rye, corn, rice,
  • peanuts, and other nuts (pistachios, cashews, and Brazil nuts),
  • coffee (choose a mold-free coffee if you are a coffee lover like me!).

You can still enjoy the following:

  • grass-fed, pasture-raised animal products; organic eggs
  • wild-caught fish and seafood
  • fresh, organic vegetables (the more colorful they are, the better!);
  • low-sugar fruits: Berries, apples, pears, peaches, avocadoes
  • healthy oils and fats (extra virgin olive oil, coconut milk, coconut oil, ghee, avocado, organic grass-fed butter)
  • seeds: Sunflower, pumpkin, flax, chia, sesame seeds
  • legumes: lentils, beans
  • gluten-free grains: quinoa, buckwheat, millet, teff
  • quality herbs and spices
  • toxin-free coffee such as Bulletproof

It is also crucial to carefully inspect the foods you buy or store in the fridge and discard anything that you find to be infected to be mold. Check the surrounding foods, as mold can quickly spread.

The bottom line

Mold toxicity is an invisible threat that can severely impact gut health, contributing to the development of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO). Understanding this connection is crucial in safeguarding your gut health and overall well-being. By taking appropriate measures to address mold toxicity, you can protect your gut and reduce your risk of SIBO, ensuring a healthier, happier you.

This post is only for informational purposes and is not meant to diagnose, treat or cure any disease. I recommend consulting with your healthcare practitioner always before trying any treatment or dietary changes.

Mold Toxicity and SIBO – the invisible threat to your gut health Read More »

Is a Carnivore Diet Good for SIBO?

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In recent years, there has been an increased interest in diets like the Carnivore diet to overcome health challenges. For many, this seems to be a controversial diet that involves eating primarily or only animal-based products. While some experts have praised the diet for its potential health benefits, others have raised concerns about its safety and effectiveness. In particular, several questions have been raised about the potential of a carnivore diet to improve or worsen Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO). Here, I look at the latest research on this topic.

Carnivore diet for SIBO

What is SIBO?

Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO) is an increasingly common digestive disorder in which bacteria that typically inhabit the large intestine spread to the small intestine and begin to overgrow. This condition can be caused by a variety of contributing factors, including low stomach acid, gut dysbiosis, structural issues, certain medications, and many other factors.

Common symptoms of SIBO include abdominal pain and bloating, gas, diarrhea and/or constipation, nausea, weight loss/gain, fatigue, and malnutrition. If left untreated, SIBO can lead to further health complications. Treatment options range from antibiotics, herbal medicines, and probiotics to dietary and lifestyle changes. It is crucial to test if you suspect your symptoms may point in the direction of SIBO. The best way is through breath testing when hydrogen, methane (or even hydrogen sulfide if the TrioSmart test is used) gases are measured. (1)

What is a Carnivore diet?

Many dietary approaches encourage consuming plenty of fruits and vegetables. You may even have heard the expression: "eat the rainbow" (of vegetables) or increase your fiber intake.

Well, fibers and prebiotics are indeed crucial to feeding good gut bugs. However, people with IBS (Irritable Bowel Syndrome) and SIBO may find that adding more fibers worsens their gut symptoms, resulting in excess bloating and constipation.

Now, the Carnivore diet takes the opposite approach.

The Carnivore diet is basically a meat-only, zero-carbohydrate diet. It means you can't eat plant-based food like vegetables or fruits (although there are several variations of the Carnivore diet, one of them is what Dr. Paul Saladino represents nowadays, allowing honey, fruits, and raw dairy products.)

Followers of this diet are encouraged to eat animals from nose to tail, including organ meats (liver, kidneys, heart, etc.). The emphasis on organ meat is significant because it contains all vital nutrients such as B vitamins, fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K), and minerals, including iron, magnesium, copper, zinc, etc. They are often referred to as "natural multivitamins." (2) In Western cultures, people are not accustomed to eating organ meat, and it may even sound distasteful to many. However, eating animals from nose to tail is quite normal in many Eastern cultures.

The Carnivore diet advocates claim that the diet heals many chronic health conditions, from depression, weight problems, and blood sugar regulation issues to fertility. However, it is essential to note that these claims are not backed up by any scientific evidence (yet).

What can you eat on a Carnivore diet?

The Carnivore Diet focuses solely on animal-based food items and typically includes foods such as:

  • Red meat, including beef, lamb, pork, venison, and buffalo, preferably fattier cuts of meat (and possibly grass-fed AND grass-finished meat)
  • Poultry, like chicken and turkey, or organ meats
  • Low-mercury fish like wild salmon, sardines, and herring and seafood like oysters, mussels, crabs, clams, shrimp, lobster, or scallops
  • Other animal products and foods like eggs, tallow, duck fat, bone broth, bone marrow, ghee butter
  • Raw dairy products, butter, cheese (if tolerated or no autoimmune issues present)
  • (Raw honey)
  • Water
  • Quality Salt

It's essential to note that various versions of the Carnivore diet exist. So, one approach may allow raw honey or pork, while the other doesn't. (2)

What can't you eat on a Carnivore diet?

The Carnivore diet restricts all the other food groups, such as:

  • All vegetables and fruits
  • Most dairy products
  • Legumes (beans and lentils)
  • Nuts and seeds like almonds, pistachios, pumpkin seeds, flax seeds, etc.
  • All grains and grain-based products, including rice, wheat, bread, quinoa, pasta, etc.
  • All forms of alcohol, including beer, wine, liquor, etc.
  • All types of sugars
  • Other beverages include tea, coffee, soda, fruit juice, etc.

Can a Carnivore Diet Help Treat SIBO?

Currently, the most common approaches for treating SIBO involve antibiotics, antimicrobials, or the Elemental diet. These approaches have varying success rates. According to studies, around 45% of patients will have recurrent SIBO following the completion of antibiotic therapy. (3) Another study showed that herbal antimicrobial therapy could be just as effective as antibiotics. (4) The Elemental diet seems to be the most effective treatment option, as a 14-day Elemental diet was shown to have around an 80% success rate. (5)

We can also choose from a wide variety of SIBO diets that aim to reduce certain carbohydrates to decrease symptoms like bloating, diarrhea, constipation, abdominal pain, and more. I wrote about the pros and cons of these SIBO diets to understand their mechanisms.

But till today - according to my knowledge - there were no exclusive studies on using any SIBO diet as a treatment option (except the Elemental diet).

In Holistic and Functional medicine, we know that lifestyle changes and addressing the underlying causes are crucial in resolving SIBO and preventing relapse.

So what about the Carnivore diet?

One small observational study (6) found that five participants who followed a zero-carb carnivore diet for at least four weeks tested negative for SIBO at the end of the trial period. Now, it is vital to mention that this study has not been peer-reviewed or validated, and it is a small study to draw long-term conclusions.

But here is what they found:

"Results: five patients who followed the carnivore diet for four weeks or longer tested negative for SIBO, and the one patient who only endured the diet for two weeks had a near complete eradication of her hydrogen elevation. Methane values were generally low both before and after the dietary treatment, but there was a significant decrease in patients 3 and 5.

Conclusions: The carbohydrate, zero fibre, carnivore diet shows great potential for being a readily available, cost-effective, and equally effective alternative treatment for SIBO. According to our observations, it also results in better satisfaction after meals, decreases cravings for sweets, and generates weight loss in patients where it is needed."

This small study observed a positive effect on normalizing the breath test, but we definitely need to wait for more data.

The Carnivore diet pros and cons for SIBO

What are the Benefits of a Carnivore Diet for SIBO?

Since the Carnivore diet is a relatively "new trend," there is not much (official) research on its benefits.

Symptom and (disease) management

Other studies investigated the benefits of low-carb diets on health and showed noticeable improvements in weight loss and metabolic markers. (7) Many people support their statements using research on the ketogenic diet.

One survey by Harvard University showed "adults consuming a carnivore diet experienced few adverse effects and instead reported health benefits and high satisfaction." (8)

Since the diet eliminates all inflammatory and processed foods (seed oils, additives, preservation, and more) and all plant foods that may trigger food sensitivities (oxalates, lectins, salicylates, etc.), it makes sense that many advocates of the carnivore diet report better mood, focus, and more energy, improved insulin sensitivity, better gut health, mental clarity, libido, and weight loss as inflammation reduces.

Regarding SIBO, people generally experience less or no bloating and gassiness because the diet eliminates bacteria's primary food source: carbohydrates (including fiber)! Excess bacteria in the small bowel can become an issue due to their fermentation process leading to bloating, gas, and other symptoms. So yes, it can provide relief in terms of symptoms. But it is also essential to be aware that research shows that our gut microbiome needs fiber to function optimally. Many health issues stem from dysbiosis (an imbalance between beneficial and pathogenic bacteria). To feed your good microbes, they need fiber. (9) There is also more discussion if SIBO is actually also a form of dysbiosis.

Healing a Leaky gut

One of the possible reasons why many autoimmune warriors report improvement in their health could be due to healing the leaky gut with the diet. The Carnivore diet encourages bone broth and animal food sources rich in various amino acids and other nutrients (like glutamine, collagen, and omega-3 fatty acids). These amino acids are the building blocks of the intestinal lining. (10)

Calming down the immune system

It can also help calm down the immune system. Since the gut lining is healing, and most of the possible triggering foods have been removed from the diet, inflammation decreases, not triggering the immune system anymore. Therefore the body has time to focus on repair, and some symptoms like skin, mood, sleep, and gut issues slowly fade away.

What are the Potential Risks of a Carnivore Diet for SIBO?

Promoting food fear & metabolic inflexibility

We can all agree that the Carnivore diet is restrictive by eliminating whole food groups. Therefore the diet can be difficult to sustain long-term due to a lack of variety, especially for those who tend to be a foodie. Additionally, there is a potential risk of under-eating, which can impact metabolism and nutrient levels.

It can also lead to social isolation, as eating out can become a real challenge.

I often hear that people are scared to reintroduce foods to the diet due to presumed symptoms. Others who tried the reintroduction process soon backed up because they realized that previously tolerated foods no longer worked for their bodies. This is happening because of metabolic inflexibility. (Metabolic flexibility is the ability to respond or adapt to changes in metabolic demand.) (11) So, in this case, their gut is incapable of adapting to the "new" foods, possibly due to the dysbiosis from a one-sided diet.

Changes in the gut microbiome

A small study found that in just five days, participants who switched to an animal-based diet experienced significant detrimental changes to the gut microbiome, including a dramatic increase in strains of bacteria in the gut that cause inflammation and have been linked with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.

"The animal-based diet increased the abundance of bile-tolerant microorganisms (Alistipes, Bilophila, and Bacteroides) and decreased the levels of Firmicutes that metabolize dietary plant polysaccharides (Roseburia, Eubacterium rectale, and Ruminococcus bromii)...Finally, increases in the abundance and activity of Bilophila wadsworthia on the animal-based diet support a link between dietary fat, bile acids, and the outgrowth of microorganisms capable of triggering inflammatory bowel disease 6. In concert, these results demonstrate that the gut microbiome can rapidly respond to altered diet, potentially facilitating the diversity of human dietary lifestyles." (12)

Possible nutrient deficiencies

It can lead to nutrient deficiencies if the diet is not designed well. Some folks prefer to consume only lean and muscle meat, which may not provide all the essential nutrients as organ meats. This is why it is crucial to practice nose-to-tail eating (including bone marrow, brains, liver, pancreas, and kidneys). For those who can't accept the thought of eating organ meats, organ meat supplements could be a solution.

Some advocates promote adding quality salt (Celtic or Himalayan salt) to the diet to get enough trace minerals.

Ignoring the root causes and lifestyle changes

Many use this diet as a quick fix. But this band-aid approach may mask the underlying problems, especially when we talk about nervous system dysregulation, stored trauma, hidden infections, (mold) toxicity, and structural issues that can all contribute to SIBO, and the Carnivore diet alone may not resolve.

Sometimes people focus too much on their diet and ignore all other aspects of their health like sleep, stress management, relationships, exercise, environment, and so on. But lifestyle factors are the actual foundational steps of any healing journey. This is why holistic coaching & functional nutrition can be powerful in eliminating mindset blockages, limiting beliefs that may stand in your way, and finding strategies to implement the necessary lifestyle changes to reach your health goals. It can also guide you in finding the underlying causes to prevent SIBO relapse in the future.

It may not be suitable for everyone

People with specific health challenges like chronic kidney diseases, adrenal and thyroid dysfunctions, and eating disorders are not recommended to follow this diet.

Those with histamine intolerance may also need modifications. Fresh animal foods generally contain a lower amount of histamine. Reducing or avoiding aged or processed meats, cheeses, hydrolyzed collagen, bone broth, and shellfish is better as they can trigger histamine-related symptoms. (This might change later, though, if the cause of histamine issues is a Leaky gut, for example).

Is the Carnivore Diet good to follow?

My intake on this question is that the Carnivore diet may be helpful for people with chronic conditions as a therapeutic approach to reduce inflammation and allow time for the body to calm down and heal. It may be a good strategy to be on the Carnivore diet for 3-4 weeks and support the gut healing process, implement the necessary lifestyle changes, and have a plan on how to reintroduce plant-based foods to the diet to feed the beneficial gut microbes. But I wouldn't follow it long-term as a new lifestyle.

 

 

Disclaimer: 

The information provided on this site is for educational purposes only, is not intended as medical advice, and does not claim to diagnose, heal, treat, or cure any conditions. Always consult with a healthcare professional before starting any dietary regimen, supplement, or lifestyle changes, especially if you have underlying health conditions or are taking medication. 

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Preventing SIBO relapse: Your body’s 6 natural defense barriers against SIBO

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Discover your body's 6 natural defense barriers against SIBO

Your body has many different defense mechanisms to deal with any possible infection or microorganism attack, or potential overgrowth (bacterial, fungal). Any dysfunction in the defense system may contribute to the development of (re-occurring) SIBO (Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth).

SIBO relapse - body’s natural defense system against SIBO

What is SIBO?

SIBO is defined as the presence of excessive bacteria in the small intestine. Say the problem is that there are too many bacteria and/or the wrong type of bacteria present in the wrong place. If you have SIBO, then you may experience excess/trapped gas, (extreme) bloating, diarrhea and/or constipation, abdominal pain, cramping, food sensitivities, chronic fatigue, brain fog, skin issues, and the list goes on. (1)(2)

Be sure to test for SIBO before you jump on any elimination protocol. It is also essential to determine the type(s) of overgrowth you have, as treatment protocols may differ.

Now, many people solely focus on eliminating the overgrowth by using herbals or even antibiotics or being on strict diets, which can be a crucial part of the process. Still, more important is finding and resolving the root causes of SIBO, whenever possible, to prevent relapse.

Some contributing factors could include dysfunctions in the body's natural defense system, such as low stomach acid, poor bile flow, disordered or absent motility, etc.

Let's look at some of them one by one:

How does your body protect you from infections or overgrowth (SIBO)?

1. Saliva

Saliva, produced by the salivary glands, belongs to our body's first line of defense against infections. Saliva consists of around 90% water, but it contains several chemical compounds with antibacterial properties against pathogens. One of them is the mucus in the mouth, which stimulates white blood cells to form a 'net' that traps bacteria. (3) Moreover, saliva contains lysozyme (an enzyme), and lactoferrin that can break down the cell walls of many bacteria.
Saliva also helps maintain our digestive system by adding beneficial components to the food, such as enzymes that help predigest starches and fats. (4) That is why proper chewing is so important.

Interestingly, studies show that oral bacteria can travel to the gut and affect the gut microbiome and the gut immune system. It is logical, since we usually swallow a large amount of saliva daily, which contains many oral bacteria. Generally, only a tiny fraction of the ingested oral bacteria colonizes a healthy intestine. However, in cases of illness (IBD, GERD, etc.), many bacteria are found in the intestine, and a dysbiotic gut may lead to problems in other parts of the body. Good oral hygiene, adequate stomach acid levels, and pre- and probiotics may help improve oral & gut health. (5)

2. Stomach acid

Contrary to the commonly accepted belief that we have issues due to too much stomach acid, many SIBO patients actually have low stomach acid. A proper gastric acid or hydrochloric acid (HCl) secretion is needed not just for digesting food but also for eliminating bacteria, yeast, and parasites present in the food. It stimulates the digestive tract further along, promoting the production of digestive juices to break down our food into smaller particles. Unfortunately, stomach acid production decreases with age, especially after age 65. (6)

If you cannot digest the food you eat due to insufficient gastric acid, you may be malnourished, and bacteria will feed on these undigested food particles. Low stomach acid levels are also a risk factor for SIBO because they cannot eliminate bacteria or keep them in check in the small intestine. (7)

There are several reasons why someone has insufficient stomach acid production:

  • Helicobacter pylori infection,(8)
  • Medications (such as proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), antacids), (9)
  • Chronic stress (10)
  • Autoimmune gastritis (11)
  • Hypothyroidism (12)
  • Certain foods, mainly processed foods or food sensitivities
  • Zinc deficiency (13)
  • Eating too quickly
  • Low protein intake

The most reliable way to check if you have either hypochlorhydria (insufficient stomach acid),  hyperchlorhydria (excess stomach acid), or achlorhydria (no stomach acid) is the Heidelberg test or Gastric Function Test. Doctors may also order blood tests to check for nutrient deficiencies and other parameters. (14) (T. Ghosh, 2011)

Another easy and cheap way to check your stomach acid levels is a home-based baking soda test. All you need is baking soda. While this works well most of the time, there are a number of factors that may produce false-positive or false-negative results, so the best approach is to repeat it several times at different times to get the most accurate results.

If you wish to perform the test:

Mix ¼ teaspoon of baking soda in 5 ounces or 1,5 dl glass of cold water and drink it on an empty stomach in the morning before you eat or drink anything else. Now check the time, how long it takes for you to start burping. If it takes more than five minutes, or if you don't burp at all, it's an indication that your stomach acid might be low. Generally, if you have a proper stomach acid level, you should start burping within 2-3 minutes. If you burp too frequently or start right away, you may have too much acid.

So, how can you support your stomach acid production?

  • Be mindful of your eating habits – chew your food!
  • Limit the intake of processed and high-sugar-containing foods
  • Drink apple cider vinegar diluted in a small glass of water before meals (it might not be tolerated if you have histamine intolerance)
  • Use bitter herbs or start your meal with bitter leaves such as rocket/arugula, dandelion leaves
  • Eat your protein at the beginning of your meal
  • Supplement with betaine HCl and pepsin – starting slowly and increasing your dosage as required. If you feel a burning sensation, it is already a sign that it is too much! Avoid if you have gastritis or ulcers. Check with your healthcare provider before you start taking HCl if it is safe for you!

 3. Bile acids

Bile is a greenish-yellow fluid continuously produced by your liver, stored, and eventually concentrated in your gallbladder. The biliary system, which includes the liver, gallbladder, and bile ducts, plays a vital role in the production, storage, and secretion of bile. When we eat food, bile gets released from the gallbladder into the small intestine via the bile ducts. The primary role of bile is to emulsify the fats in your small intestine to help the digestion process and absorption of fat and fat-soluble vitamins (D, E, K, A). (15)

But bile has another role besides food digestion. Bile belongs to one of your body's defense mechanisms. It helps maintain a clean intestinal environment through its antibacterial properties. Bile keeps the bacteria in check and prevents them from colonizing the small intestine. One reason why someone may get SIBO is because of their sluggish gallbladder function and poor bile flow. (16)

Bile may also play an essential role in regulating gut motility and controlling bacterial growth. (17) More about gut motility below.

What are the signs that your gallbladder needs more attention?

  • Nausea
  • Headache
  • Bloating after meals
  • Pain or feeling of heaviness under your right rib cage
  • Right shoulder pain
  • Constipation or diarrhea (when eating too much fat)
  • Light or gray-colored stools
  • Greasy, floating stools
  • Not tolerating fats: oils, nuts, seeds, dairy products, etc.

You can support your gallbladder function when you:

  • Avoid processed foods and excess starchy carbohydrates (white flour, sugar, potatoes, pasta, etc.)
  • Avoid trans fats, hydrogenated fats, and processed vegetable oils
  • Add essential fatty acids
  • Add more (low-FODMAP) fibers like carrots, flax seeds, chia seeds, quinoa, etc.
  • Avoid triggering foods (gluten and dairy are the most common ones)
  • Address low thyroid function or autoimmune Hashimoto's hypothyroidism
  • Add herbs: dandelion root, milk thistle, ginger root, globe artichoke, turmeric

SIBO prevention body’s natural defense system against SIBO

4. Digestive enzymes

Similar to stomach acid and bile acid, digestive enzymes are also required for proper nutrient absorption and the prevention of bacterial overgrowth.

The three main digestive enzymes are:

  • protease (breaks down protein)
  • lipase (breaks down fat)
  • amylase (breaks down starches)

that further break down food into smaller particles. Digestive enzymes can be secreted from different glands: salivary glands, gastric glands, the pancreas, and the small intestine.

Besides, brush border enzymes in the lining of the small intestine are involved in the final step in the digestion of dietary carbohydrates and proteins.

Pancreatic secretion supports intestinal integrity and controls the microbiota by supporting the mucosal barrier. Bacterial outgrowth is controlled by pancreatic antibacterial secretion. (18)

When you don't produce enough enzymes, you might experience:

  • Bloating, gas
  • Fatigue & lack of energy
  • Fatty stools (Steatorrhea)
  • Food intolerances
  • Undigested foods in stools
  • Skin rashes, acne
  • Diarrhea and/or constipation
  • Uncomfortable feeling of fullness all of the time

There are several reasons why people don't produce enough enzymes, such as Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI), chronic stress, infections, medications, leaky gut,  poor eating habits, etc.

If you or your practitioner suspect that you lack digestive enzymes, then supplemental digestive enzymes can help your body process foods & absorb nutrients better. It is especially beneficial when you have food intolerances or mainly eat cooked foods. (19) (Lipski, 2011)

5. Gut motility (the Migrating Motor Complex (MMC))

One of the most common underlying causes of SIBO is an absent or dysfunctional migrating motor complex (MMC). (20)

MMC is the housekeeper of your GI tract that gets activated during fasting periods (between meals and at night) and sweeps the remaining gut bacteria and food particles towards the colon, preventing the overgrowth of bacteria.

Nerve damage or structural problems such as adhesions, blind loops, and diverticulosis may block the bacterial clearance or facilitate backflow from the large intestine (in case of a dysfunctional or absent ileocecal valve, for example). (21)

So what does it mean when your MMC is out of order? It simply means that the remaining food particles and bacteria stay in your small intestine for longer than usual, and bacteria can start feeding on that waste and producing gas (contributing to bloating and other digestive symptoms). This would be a normal process if it happened in the colon, where most of your bacteria reside.

This is one of the most important things to address when you have SIBO or slow motility.

There are several ways you can improve your gut motility:

  • Manage your stress (When we are under stress, our digestive system stops working correctly as it is not a priority at that moment, so as your MMC shuts down) - That is why it is crucial to stop and eat in a calm environment and not on the run (22)(R.M. Valori, 1986)
  • Stop snacking and give your digestive system 4-5 hours of break between meals and possibly overnight fasting, so your MMC has a chance to work (23)
  • Eat slowly and chew your food properly
  • Consider intestinal massage
  • Apply vagus nerve stimulation techniques (23)
  • Use motility agents (ask your doctor about them) to stimulate your MMC: some natural-based ones contain ginger, artichoke extracts (24), 5-HTP (25), vitamin B6 (26)

6. Ileocecal valve

The ileocecal valve is a sphincter located in the last section of the small intestine (ileum), where it connects to the first portion of the large intestine (cecum). It opens to allow digested food to pass downward and closes to prevent the backflow of colonic contents or waste into the small intestine (ileum). (27)

The problem occurs when the valve is impaired. It means the valve opens too long and allows waste flow back up to the small intestines, resulting in ileocecal valve syndrome (ICVS), which may predispose an individual to SIBO. (28) What causes the ICVS to happen is when the valve gets stuck in an open or closed position. An open ileocecal valve might result in SIBO or diarrhea, while a closed valve might result in constipation. Besides, gas production by the bacteria may also put further pressure on the valve. (29)

What causes the Ileocecal Valve Syndrome? (30)

  • Dehydration
  • Irritant foods: popcorn, chips, pretzels, nuts, seeds, whole grains
  • Stimulants: caffeine products (coffee, black tea), cocoa, chocolate
  • Alcohol
  • Strong spices: chili, black, and cayenne pepper, hot peppers
  • Infections (parasitic, fungal, bacterial, viral)
  • Stress and emotional trauma
  • Unhealthy eating habits (under-chewing of food, eating too fast, too frequently)
  • Adrenal imbalances

A study has suggested that dysfunction of this valve can contribute to symptoms such as bloating, gas, abdominal pain, constipation/diarrhea, heart symptoms, insomnia, nerve pain, muscle pain, stiffness, etc. (28)

How to have a properly functioning ileocecal valve? (30)

  1. Ileocecal valve massage
  2. Eliminate irritating foods from your diet
  3. Have mindful eating habits
  4. Chiropractic treatment

Other factors

The immune system and a healthy microbiome may also protect you against potential overgrowth.

 

Conclusion

When dealing with SIBO, it is important to focus on restoring the body's natural defense barriers against bacterial overgrowth and not simply getting stuck in the clearing phase.

When we talk about proper digestion and prevention of bacterial overgrowth, it is hydrochloric acid in the stomach and bile salts, and a healthy digestive tract that work together to facilitate nutritional absorption. It is crucial to identify and address the root causes and the contributing factors, so SIBO does not return once we eliminate it.

 

 

This post is only for informational purposes and is not meant to diagnose or treat any disease.  I advise consulting with your healthcare practitioner regarding any treatment options or dietary changes.

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Can Helicobacter pylori infection be the root cause of SIBO?

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Helicobacter pylori infection cause SIBO

Can Helicobacter pylori infection be the root cause of SIBO?

My short answer is yes.

When you are diagnosed with SIBO (Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth), this is just one step closer to healing. It might not be enough to treat only SIBO but dig deeper to discover any underlying causes of SIBO. One of the root causes can be Helicobacter Pylori infection.

What is Helicobacter Pylori (or shortly H. Pylori)?

Helicobacter Pylori is a gram-negative bacterium that resided in the stomach that may attack the stomach lining. H. pylori infection doesn't necessarily cause symptoms, but when it does, especially during acute infection, it can cause gastritis (inflammation of the stomach lining), or gastric/duodenal ulcers, and other symptoms such as pain (especially when the stomach is empty), bloating, frequent burping, nausea, and appetite loss. (1)

Some studies suggested that H. pylori infection is responsible for causing a wide range of other diseases; for example, it is also associated with stomach cancer. (2) However, according to Dr. Martin Blaser, a researcher in microbiology and infectious diseases, H. pylori's non-pathogenic strains also have protective effects against some diseases like asthma (3)

How can Helicobacter Pylori infection lead to SIBO?

H. pylori can lead to SIBO by lowering stomach acid levels. It produces urease, an enzyme to neutralize stomach acid. (4) Some say that it can develop because of the low stomach acid level. It can be a chicken and egg scenario. While many people believe it is a good thing because too much acid causes their reflux symptoms (heartburn, burping, indigestion), but in reality, on the contrary. We need an adequate stomach acid level to kill pathogens (so we don't end up with food poisoning) and prevent overgrowth of bacteria in the small intestines and ensure a good digestive process. Stomach acid is also needed for enzyme activation and mineral absorption. (5)

How is Helicobacter Pylori infection diagnosed?

There are some noninvasive tests:

  • stool tests that can determine if you have H. pylori, some of the advanced tests can also check for virulence factors,
  • a urea breath test,
  • a blood test to look for antibodies.

An invasive test can be when your GI doctor performs an endoscopy with biopsy, so they take several samples and send them to the lab. (6)

What happens when you are tested positive for H. pylori?

The most common conventional treatment is "Triple therapy," including antibiotics and Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs). This method's problem is that H. pylori has high resistance rates to some commonly used antibiotics (7). Using antibiotics can also lead to dysbiosis (by killing the good gut bugs) and potentially to SIBO. However, H. pylori need to be addressed when a person has a gastric ulcer or a higher risk for gastric cancer.

Restoring your gut microbiome is essential after treatment through diet and lifestyle changes and the right supplements. Probiotics could also be a great help with balancing gut bacteria. A study showed that probiotics used before or after the triple therapy significantly increased the eradication rate of H. pylori. (8)

Natural approaches for Helicobacter pylori infection

Natural methods can also support the elimination of H. Pylori. Before starting a natural treatment program, be sure to consult with your doctor.

Green tea

Research conducted on mice indicated that green tea might have antibacterial properties that help prevent and delay the development of Helicobacter bacteria. Consumption of green tea could prevent Helicobacter-induced gastritis. (9)

Licorice root extract

A study found that Licorice root cannot eliminate H.pylori by itself but may help prevent H. pylori from adhering to the stomach cell membranes. (10)

Probiotics

A study was done to analyze the effectiveness of probiotics used in H. Pylori treatments. "Lactobacillus casei was identified the best for H. pylori eradication rates," and multi-strains of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacteria probiotics were successfully used for reducing side effects of treatment such as diarrhea; constipation; taste disturbance, nausea/vomiting. (11)

Saccharomyces Boulardii

It is a beneficial yeast that has many positive effects on the body. It has been shown to be effective in the antibiotic therapy of H. pylori and reduce side effects such as bloating. (11)

Summary

Not everyone who is infected with Helicobacter pylori will ever experience symptoms. But in case you have digestive symptoms and a family history of stomach cancer, it is favorable to reach out to your medical provider and get tested and treated. The traditional way to eliminate H. pylori is through antibiotics. Although a huge concern is that H. pylori has antibiotic resistance, and the therapy has side effects. However, the usage of probiotics and other natural remedies may also help fight against H. pylori. Before trying more traditional treatment, see whether you can successfully cure your H. pylori infection with natural approaches.

 

*This post is only for informational purposes and is not meant to diagnose, treat or cure any disease. I recommend consulting with your healthcare practitioner always before trying any treatment or dietary changes.

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SIBO and Thyroid dysfunctions

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Gut SIBO thyroid dysfunctions hypothyroidismAre you suffering from symptoms such as fatigue, brain fog, mood swings, dry skin, slow bowel movement, and even weight gain? These could also be a sign of thyroid dysfunction. (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) Your thyroid is responsible for controlling your metabolic processes. If it is under-functioning (in the case of hypothyroidism), it pushes the brake pedal and slows down the body's metabolic processes. In the case of hyperthyroidism, it pushes the gas pedal and makes the process run faster.

Even though you may have thyroid dysfunction, your thyroid-like symptoms can actually stem from your gut. On the other hand, low functioning thyroid could also be a risk factor for Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO). It means that SIBO can lead to a hypothyroidism state, but hypothyroidism can also result in bacterial overgrowth.

The gut-thyroid connection

Some studies have found that thyroid symptoms improved after treating the gut. These gut issues can come from Helicobacter pylori (7,8), parasites (9), fungal infection (Candida) (10), SIBO (11), or food intolerances (12), etc.

Studies estimate that around 30% of people with hypothyroidism have low stomach acid (13). Stomach acid is essential to kill pathogens and prevent the overgrowth of bacteria. If this protective mechanism fails, then it can easily lead to SIBO. (14) This is why using stomach acid blockers (Proton-pump inhibitors) unnecessarily can be problematic and may also lead to SIBO. Here you can read more about the types of SIBO.

The other reason is that overgrowth of bad bacteria can lead to issues with the conversion of thyroid hormones, namely T4 (inactive form) to T3 (active form). (15) Much of the thyroid hormone is released by the thyroid gland in the inactive type known as T4 (thyroxine), but it must be converted to an active form known as T3 (triiodothyronine) for the cells to use it. (16) Around 20% of T4 can be converted to T3 in the gut by good gut bacteria.

But most of the conversion is done by the liver, which can also be sluggish for many reasons. A sluggish liver and gallbladder cannot remove hormones efficiently, such as estrogen. Elevated estrogen levels can also negatively influence the conversion rate of thyroid hormones. (17)

The other issue can be when T4 converts to reverse T3 (rT3), the inactive form. A higher level of reverse T3 can be produced if someone went through a major life event, a trauma (emotional or physical stress like a surgery), or having chronic stress (illness, inflammation). (18,19) In some cases, other factors such as diet, not just a diet high in sugars and processed foods, but also a ketogenic or very low carb diet, can cause elevated levels of rT3. (20, 21)

So making sure that you have a well-functioning gut and liver, the gallbladder is vital to ensure proper conversion of thyroid hormones.

The immune system-thyroid connection

There are 70% of the body's immune cells located in the gut. The immune response in this part of the body is called GALT, or gut-associated lymphoid tissue. The GALT contains several forms of immune cells, such as T and B cells, that detect and respond to antigens as potential threats that trigger immune system reactions.

Problems arise when any one of these intestinal barriers is weakened. When the small intestine's tight junctions loosen (in case of "leaky gut syndrome"), undigested food particles, microorganisms, toxins, or larger proteins enter the bloodstream. The immune system sees these particles as unwanted intruders and starts an inflammation process to rid of them. Leaky gut can be one of the underlying causes of autoimmune diseases, such as Hashimoto-Thyroiditis, an autoimmune form of hypothyroidism. If you have a leaky gut, the immune system can keep attacking the thyroid and cause continued problems. (22, 23)

What might help to support your body?

Focusing on gut health is an essential part of any treatment process as it is also connected to your immune system and thyroid autoimmunity, and thyroid functions. But concentrating on the thyroid function is also crucial.

If you are experiencing symptoms of thyroid dysfunction and SIBO, you can do the following steps:

  1. Do the necessary testing to find out what the issue is behind your symptoms: ask for a SIBO breath test and a full thyroid panel from your Practitioner
  2. Taking thyroid medication may help with motility and considering eliminating SIBO or other infections if present
  3. Choose a customized diet that eliminates inflammatory foods such as sugar, processed foods, gluten, refined carbohydrates, refined oils, artificial sweeteners, etc.
  4. Eat a whole food diet – including organic meats, vegetables, fruits, nuts, seeds based on your tolerance
  5. Apply lifestyle changes that help you manage your daily stress
  6. Take intestinal lining healing nutrients, boost motility

 

 

*This post is only for informational purposes; and not meant to diagnose, or treat any disease. I advise consulting with your healthcare practitioner regarding any treatment options or dietary changes.

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